Genetic Variation
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Genetic variation is almost always advantageous for the long-term survival and evolution of a species. In sexually reproducing organisms, meiosis produces haploid gametes, and random fertilization produces diploid zygotes. In asexually reproducing organisms, variation can be introduced through mistakes in DNA replication or repair and through recombination; additionally, bacteria can transmit and/or exchange genetic information
horizontally (between individuals in the same generation). Viruses have a unique mechanism of replication that is dependent on the host metabolic machinery. Viruses can introduce variation in the host genetic material through lysogenesis or latent infection
horizontally (between individuals in the same generation). Viruses have a unique mechanism of replication that is dependent on the host metabolic machinery. Viruses can introduce variation in the host genetic material through lysogenesis or latent infection